Arts
According to searchforpublicschools, the artistic manifestations in Ethiopia, while being, of course, such as the cultural state of the country in the various eras has allowed, are of interest because they can reveal the successive influences of the arts and artists of the countries with which Ethiopia has come into contact. For architecture we mention the obelisks and other monuments of Aksum (including the typical “thrones” or “judges’ seats”); the rectangular churches of early Christianity; the famous monolithic churches of Roḥa (in the Lasta) attributed to the negus Lālibalā, from the end of the century. XIII; the imperial palaces of Gondar (18th century; see gondar). As architectural means it will be useful to remember the characteristic “monkey head” walls (so called from the protrusion of the two ends of the supporting beams).Ethiopian, which derives from the Byzantine Coptic with some Western influence, is represented especially by the frescoes in the churches and by the miniatures of the manuscripts. The oldest miniatures that have come down to us are those of a manuscript (now in the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris) from the second half of the century. XIV. The sculpture can be said to be represented only by the ornamental motifs in low relief that decorate some churches and by rock bas-reliefs. Here, too, Western influences have been noted. The music liturgy was specially developed and has its special notations so far not studied exactly in Europe.
Climate. – The climatic conditions of a country as varied and so little known as Ethiopia are very difficult to summarize. Crossed in full by the thermal equator, the country has very high annual averages, balanced in part by the high altitudes to which it goes with its plateaus: the lowland of Danakil is, however, one of the hottest and driest countries in the world, the average in July – which is the hottest month – exceeding 35 °, with annual excursion of 10 ° -15 ° and limited daytime excursion. This, on the other hand, is very strong in the highlands. The rains are summer in the whole territory, very scarce or almost nil in the plain of Danakil, scarce (250-500 mm.) At the foot of the plateaus; more abundant (500-1000 mm.) on the eastern and western slopes of the plateaus, in the Tigrè and in the upper part of the Somali plateau; abundant (1000-2000 mm.) on the Abyssinian plateau and on the Caffa plateaus. At Bahrdar Ghiorghis (Bāḥr-dār Giyorgis) on Lake Tana, in the last of these areas, monthly average temperatures varying between 14 ° 0.9 (January) and 22 °, 1 (April) were observed: thus a maximum annual spring (as on the Eritrean plateau), the summer temperature being lowered by the rains. These fell from May-June to October-November, with a maximum of 475 mm. in July and an annual total of 1287 mm.: the average relative humidity varied from 84 (August) to 31 (April). thus there is a hint of an annual maximum in spring (as on the Eritrean plateau), the summer temperature being lowered by the rains. These fell from May-June to October-November, with a maximum of 475 mm. in July and an annual total of 1287 mm.: the average relative humidity varied from 84 (August) to 31 (April). thus there is a hint of an annual maximum in spring (as on the Eritrean plateau), the summer temperature being lowered by the rains. These fell from May-June to October-November, with a maximum of 475 mm. in July and an annual total of 1287 mm.: the average relative humidity varied from 84 (August) to 31 (April).
